Interaction of ON and OFF pathways for visual contrast measurement

We propose a novel model of visual contrast measurement based on segregated On and Off pathways. Two driving forces have shaped our investigation: (1) establishing a mechanism selective for sharp local transitions in the luminance distribution; (2) generating a robust scheme of oriented contrast detection. Our starting point was the architecture of early stages in the mammalian visual system. We show that the circuit behaves as a soft AND-gate and analyze the scale-space selectivity properties of the model in detail. The theoretical analysis is supplemented by computer simulations in which we selectively investigate key functionalities of the proposed contrast detection scheme. We demonstrate that the model is capable of successfully processing synthetic as well as natural images, thus illustrating the potential of the method for computer vision applications.