Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori among adolescents in Taiwan

Helicobacter pylori has been documented to be associated with chronic type B gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. In order to examine the seroprevalence and risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in Taiwan, a total of 871 adolescents were selected randomly from junior high school children in 20 study precincts and townships. Serum samples collected were tested for IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using commercial kits. The overall seropositive rate was 21.1% showing no gender difference. There was a striking geographical variation in seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection ranging from 4.6% to 37.1% in 20 precincts and townships. The seroprevalence was highest in the north (25.4%), medium in central Taiwan (21.9%), and lowest in the south (18.7%). The higher the age-adjusted mortality from gastric cancer in a given study area, the higher the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in the area. Metropolitan and aboriginal areas had higher seroprevalences than urban and rural areas, but the difference was not statistically significant. The seroprevalence was higher for those who had no sibling (29.4%) or had a sibship size of > or = 6 (31.1%) than for those with a sibship size of 1-5 (20.0%), but the difference was not statistically significant either.