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Related Experiment Videos

The material-weight illusion revisited.

R R Ellis1, S J Lederman

  • 1Psychology Department, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. robert.ellis@bangor.ac.uk

Perception & Psychophysics
|December 22, 1999
PubMed
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The material-weight illusion, influenced by touch (haptics), is primarily a tactile experience. Visual cues offer moderate effects, and a firm grip eliminates this illusion, especially for lighter objects.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Perception
  • Haptics

Background:

  • The material-weight illusion demonstrates how perceived material properties influence weight perception.
  • Previous research suggests tactile and visual cues play a role in this illusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate modality effects (haptic vs. visual) on the material-weight illusion.
  • To determine the influence of object mass and grip force on the illusion.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Assessed the material-weight illusion using low-mass (58.5 g) and high-mass (357 g) objects under haptic and visual conditions.
  • Experiment 2: Examined the effect of a firm grip on the low-mass material-weight illusion.
  • Experiment 3: Investigated how a firm grip affects the perception of actual mass differences.

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Main Results:

  • Haptic cues were sufficient and necessary for strong material-weight illusions, while visual cues produced moderate illusions.
  • The material-weight illusion was abolished for low-mass objects with a firm grip.
  • A firm grip reduced the ability to differentiate actual mass differences.
  • No illusions were observed with high-mass objects, suggesting a mass-dependent effect.

Conclusions:

  • The material-weight illusion is predominantly a haptically derived phenomenon.
  • Grip force significantly modulates the material-weight illusion and mass perception.
  • The findings suggest differing grip forces are a key factor in the mass-dependent nature of the illusion.