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Related Experiment Videos

Limbic encephalitis and hyperactive foci on PET scan.

T Fakhoury1, B Abou-Khalil, R M Kessler

  • 1Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA. Toufic.Fakhoury@mcmail.vanderbilt.edu

Seizure
|December 22, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis can cause difficult-to-control seizures and memory loss. Treating the underlying cancer may improve seizure control and cognitive function in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) is a rare autoimmune disorder.
  • It often presents with cognitive decline and intractable epilepsy.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for patient outcomes.

Observation:

  • Two cases of PLE with complex partial seizures, memory loss, and cognitive decline are presented.
  • Both patients had normal MRI but showed unilateral hippocampal hypermetabolism on PET scans.
  • One patient had breast cancer, the other had lung cancer.

Findings:

  • Video-EEG showed multifocal sharp waves and bilateral seizure onsets in one patient.
  • The second patient had no epileptiform discharges but bitemporal ictal onset on EEG.

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  • Successful cancer treatment in the second patient led to seizure resolution and memory improvement.

    • Implications:

    • PLE should be considered in epilepsy differential diagnosis, especially with memory loss.
    • Hippocampal hypermetabolism on PET may indicate subclinical seizure activity.
    • Treating the underlying malignancy can improve neurological symptoms and seizure control.