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Heme oxygenase: who needs it?

R Galbraith1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Patient Oriented Research and the General Clinical Research Center, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405, USA. rgalbrai@zoo.uvm.edu

Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
|December 22, 1999
PubMed
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Heme breakdown by heme oxygenase yields bilirubin, iron, and carbon monoxide. These products have potential roles in both health and disease, particularly concerning oxidant and antioxidant effects.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Heme is a vital molecule synthesized by eight enzymes.
  • Heme degradation produces biliverdin, iron, and carbon monoxide.
  • Heme oxygenase is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological and pathological roles of heme breakdown products.
  • To emphasize the oxidant and antioxidant effects of bilirubin, carbon monoxide, and iron.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of heme catabolism and its products.
  • Analysis of potential functional roles of heme breakdown products.

Main Results:

  • Heme oxygenase activity generates bilirubin, iron, and carbon monoxide.

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  • These products exhibit significant oxidant and antioxidant properties.
  • Emerging evidence suggests roles in physiological and pathological processes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Heme breakdown products, particularly bilirubin, carbon monoxide, and iron, possess critical biological functions.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate their precise roles in health and disease.
    • Understanding these roles may reveal novel therapeutic targets.