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Pulmonary magnetic resonance angiography.
U Hoffmann1, W Schima, C Herold
1Department of Radiology, University of Vienna, AKH Wien, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
European Radiology
|December 22, 1999
Summary
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) now offers fast, high-resolution imaging of pulmonary vasculature. This technique is becoming a viable alternative for detecting pulmonary embolism, rivaling CT scans.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Cardiovascular Imaging
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has evolved from a research tool to a clinically applicable method for imaging the pulmonary vasculature.
- Early MRA techniques (2D phase-contrast, time-of-flight) were limited by long scan times, motion artifacts, and lack of contrast agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the advancements in MRA for pulmonary vasculature imaging.
- To assess the potential of contrast-enhanced MRA in diagnosing pulmonary embolism.
Main Methods:
- Utilized advanced MR scanners with stronger gradients (> 20 mT/m).
- Employed contrast-enhanced techniques for improved imaging.
- Focused on achieving adequate spatial resolution within a single breathhold.
Main Results:
- Contrast-enhanced MRA now enables pulmonary vasculature imaging with sufficient spatial resolution during a single breathhold.
- The technique shows promise in detecting pulmonary embolism in lobar or segmental arteries.
- It is emerging as a competitive alternative to conventional pulmonary angiography and contrast-enhanced helical CT.
Conclusions:
- Contrast-enhanced MRA is nearing established status for pulmonary embolism detection.
- Future developments like phased-array torso coils and 3D time-resolved ultrafast MRA will address current limitations.
- Blood-pool MR contrast agents may offer a comprehensive approach for venous thromboembolism diagnosis.