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From conception to the child.

M Catala1

  • 1Service et Laboratoire d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, URA CNRS 2115, Groupe Hospitalier et Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. martin.catala@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr

Child'S Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
|December 22, 1999
PubMed
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This review explores central nervous system development, detailing neural induction, neural tube formation, brain segmentation, and cortex development. Advances reveal complex regulatory mechanisms and new insights into developmental processes.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Embryology

Background:

  • Understanding of central nervous system (CNS) development has significantly advanced over the last century.
  • Classical models of neural induction, neurulation, and cortical development are being refined by new discoveries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key advancements in four critical areas of CNS development: neural induction, neural tube formation, CNS segmentation, and cortical development.
  • To highlight the evolution of scientific understanding and current models in these developmental processes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and research findings on CNS development.
  • Synthesis of data concerning molecular mechanisms, morphogenetic movements, and cellular migration during embryogenesis.

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Main Results:

  • Neural induction is now understood as a complex interplay of positive (e.g., BMP4) and negative regulatory signals.
  • Primary and secondary neurulation share fundamental principles, and CNS segmentation involves gene expression and early regional specification.
  • Cortical development involves diverse cell migration patterns beyond classical radial migration, impacting interpretations of malformations.

Conclusions:

  • Modern understanding of CNS development involves intricate regulatory networks and dynamic processes.
  • Revisiting established concepts in neural induction, neurulation, segmentation, and corticogenesis is crucial.
  • New findings necessitate a re-evaluation of malformation classifications, favoring descriptive terms over mechanism-based ones.