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The Pittsburgh Sleep Diary
1Sleep and Chronobiology Center, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.
Journal of Sleep Research
|June 1, 1994
Summary
The Pittsburgh Sleep Diary (PghSD) effectively quantifies sleep and waking behaviors. This validated instrument shows reliability and sensitivity in diverse populations for sleep research and clinical practice.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Science
- Behavioral Medicine
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Comprehensive documentation of sleep and waking behaviors is crucial for research and clinical practice.
- Existing methods may lack the detailed, user-friendly approach needed for daily monitoring.
- The Pittsburgh Sleep Diary (PghSD) was developed to address this need.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate the usefulness, validity, and reliability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Diary (PghSD).
- To assess the PghSD's sensitivity to demographic, personality, and circadian factors.
- To compare PghSD measures with objective sleep assessments.
Main Methods:
- Collected two-week PghSD data from 234 subjects across various age groups and health statuses.
- Compared PghSD data with polysomnography, actigraphy, and questionnaire data.
- Assessed test-retest reliability over 12-31 months.
Main Results:
- PghSD demonstrated sensitivity to differences related to weekends, age, gender, personality, and circadian type.
- PghSD validity was supported by agreement with actigraphic estimates of sleep timing and quality.
- High correlations (0.56-0.81) for sleep timing and quality measures over time confirmed reliability.
Conclusions:
- The Pittsburgh Sleep Diary (PghSD) is a useful, valid, and reliable instrument for quantifying sleep and waking behaviors.
- PghSD is sensitive to various influencing factors and correlates well with objective measures.
- It is suitable for both research and clinical applications requiring detailed sleep assessment.