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Hypertension and sleep apnoea.

Skatrud1, Morgan

  • 1University of Wisconsin, Departments of Medicine and Kinesiology and the Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.

Journal of Sleep Research
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Sleep-disordered breathing may cause hypertension by increasing sympathetic nervous system activity. This study found that asphyxia exposure in normal subjects led to sustained sympathetic nerve activity elevation, suggesting a link to daytime hypertension.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies link sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) to elevated arterial pressure.
  • Previous research suggests heightened sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity in patients with sleep apnoea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) to asphyxia in awake, healthy subjects.
  • To determine if MSNA remains elevated after cessation of asphyxial exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy, awake subjects were exposed to 20 minutes of controlled asphyxia.
  • Muscle sympathetic nerve traffic was continuously monitored before, during, and after asphyxia.

Main Results:

  • Sympathetic nerve traffic significantly increased during the asphyxia period.
  • Elevated sympathetic nerve traffic persisted even after the return to normal breathing conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained elevation of sympathetic nerve traffic following asphyxia suggests a potential mechanism for daytime hypertension in SDB.
  • These findings highlight the role of SNS dysregulation in the pathophysiology of hypertension associated with sleep-disordered breathing.

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