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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
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Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

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Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
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Hepatic Portal System01:21

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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
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Infection01:20

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
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Hepatitis E virus: can it be transmitted parenterally?

V A Arankalle1, L P Chobe

  • 1Hepatitis Division, National Institute of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Pune, India.

Journal of Viral Hepatitis
|December 22, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA was detected in 1.5% of voluntary blood donors. Most infected donors were asymptomatic, highlighting the risk of transfusion-associated hepatitis E in endemic regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a significant cause of acute hepatitis globally.
  • Blood transfusion is a potential route for HEV transmission, particularly in hyperendemic areas.
  • Screening blood donors for HEV is crucial for transfusion safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of HEV RNA in voluntary blood donors.
  • To investigate the seroprevalence of HEV antibodies in different donor populations.
  • To assess the risk of transfusion-associated hepatitis E.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of 200 voluntary blood donors for HEV RNA using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  • Detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to HEV.
  • Retrospective analysis of samples from commercial blood donors, hemophiliacs, and paid plasma donors.

Main Results:

  • HEV RNA was detected in 1.5% (3/200) of voluntary blood donors, all asymptomatic.
  • Follow-up samples showed IgG anti-HEV seroconversion in RNA-positive donors.
  • Overall IgG anti-HEV seroprevalence was 18.6% in voluntary donors, 24.6% in commercial donors, and 24.4% in hemophiliacs.
  • A high prevalence (76%) of IgG anti-HEV was found in paid plasma donors, suggesting a role for blood-derived HEV transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Asymptomatic HEV infection among blood donors poses a risk for transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E.
  • High seroprevalence in certain donor groups indicates widespread HEV exposure.
  • Enhanced screening strategies may be necessary in hyperendemic regions to ensure blood safety.