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Tinea capitis: a current perspective.

¹Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35233, USA. beelewski@aol.com

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

|December 22, 1999

Summary

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The primary cause of tinea capitis has shifted from Microsporum audouinii to Trichophyton tonsurans. Newer antifungal treatments like itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine are now crucial for managing this fungal infection.

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Mycology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

The predominant cause of tinea capitis in the US and Western Europe has shifted over the past 50 years.
Microsporum audouinii was once the primary agent, but Trichophyton tonsurans is now more prevalent.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the history and epidemiology of tinea capitis.
To discuss the emergence of Trichophyton tonsurans as the leading cause.
To evaluate newer antifungal agents for treating tinea capitis.

Main Methods:

Historical epidemiological review of tinea capitis causative agents.
Analysis of factors contributing to the shift in predominant fungal species.
Review of current literature on novel antimycotic therapies.

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Main Results:

Microsporum audouinii has been largely replaced by Trichophyton tonsurans as the main cause of tinea capitis.
Griseofulvin sensitivity of M. audouinii and immigration patterns are potential factors for this shift.
Emerging antifungal drugs show promise for treating current tinea capitis infections.

Conclusions:

The changing landscape of tinea capitis etiology necessitates updated treatment strategies.
Novel antifungal agents like itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine offer new therapeutic options.
Understanding the epidemiological shift is key to effective tinea capitis management.