Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
Mutations in Microorganisms01:18

Mutations in Microorganisms

Mutations are heritable changes in an organism’s genome involving alterations in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. These changes can influence cellular processes and phenotypic traits, potentially transforming the unaltered wild type into a mutant form. Such changes, termed forward mutations, are pivotal in shaping the genetic diversity of organisms.RNA viruses exhibit the highest mutation rates due to the absence of robust proofreading mechanisms during genome replication. In contrast,...
Transduction01:16

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome are...
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluation of protective and immune responses following vaccination with recombinant MIP and CPAF from Chlamydia abortus as novel vaccines for enzootic abortion of ewes.

Vaccine·2019
Same author

Symposium review: Intramammary infections-Major pathogens and strain-associated complexity.

Journal of dairy science·2019
Same author

An independent validation study of loci associated with nematode resistance in sheep.

Animal genetics·2018
Same author

Crystal structure of a bicupin protein HutD involved in histidine utilization in Pseudomonas.

Proteins·2017
Same author

The turnover of strains in intermittent and persistent nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus.

The Journal of infection·2016
Same author

The host immune response to gastrointestinal nematode infection in sheep.

Parasite immunology·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Environmentally constrained mutation and adaptive evolution in Salmonella.

R C Massey1, P B Rainey, B J Sheehan

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|December 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Environmental factors influence mutation generation. This study reveals adaptive evolution in Salmonella driven by mutations in specific osmotic conditions, mediated by DNA gyrase activity.

More Related Videos

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
15:00

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli

Published on: August 18, 2023

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
08:11

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Published on: June 14, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
15:00

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli

Published on: August 18, 2023

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
08:11

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Published on: June 14, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The relationship between environmental factors and genetic mutation is complex and not fully understood.
  • While Lamarckian mutation is unfounded, the environment can influence heritable variation through direct DNA effects or evolutionary processes.
  • Previous studies in bacteria show starvation can induce hypermutation, and DNA topology affects locus mutability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate adaptive evolution in Salmonella under specific environmental conditions.
  • To elucidate the genetic basis and mechanism of environmentally induced mutations.
  • To explore the role of external signals in modulating mutation events.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of adaptive evolution in Salmonella under intermediate-strength osmotic environments.
  • Genetic analysis to identify the mutation responsible for adaptive evolution.
  • Investigation of the signaling pathway from the environment to mutation, focusing on DNA gyrase activity.

Main Results:

  • A specific mutation causing adaptive evolution in Salmonella was identified, occurring under intermediate osmotic conditions.
  • The mutation was shown to be non-directed, with its genetic basis elucidated.
  • Evidence suggests environmental signals, transmitted via DNA gyrase activity, constrain the mutational event.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental conditions, specifically osmotic strength, can drive adaptive evolution through specific mutations.
  • DNA gyrase activity acts as a mediator, transmitting environmental signals to influence mutation.
  • This study provides a novel example of how external environments shape genetic variation and adaptation.