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Related Experiment Videos

Endocrine patterns of the mare at term.

J D Lovell, G H Stabenfeldt, J P Hughes

    Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement
    |October 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    During late pregnancy, progesterone and progestin levels in mares decrease before birth, while estrogen remains low. Postpartum, corticosteroid levels rise, with higher hormone levels observed in foals than in maternal plasma.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Endocrinology
    • Equine Physiology
    • Maternal-Fetal Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Hormonal changes during equine pregnancy and parturition are critical for successful reproduction.
    • Understanding the dynamics of progesterone, estrogens, and corticosteroids is essential for monitoring mare and foal health.
    • Previous research has established baseline hormonal profiles, but detailed periparturient changes require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the temporal changes in progesterone, total progestins, estrogens, and 11beta-hydroxycorticosteroids around the time of parturition in mares.
    • To compare the endocrine profiles of intact pregnant mares with an ovariectomized pregnant mare.
    • To investigate hormonal patterns during the postpartum period, including postpartum estrus and foal development.

    Main Methods:

    • Serial blood sampling from mares during late gestation, parturition, and the postpartum period.
    • Hormone level quantification using established immunoassays for progesterone, total progestins, estrogens, and 11beta-hydroxycorticosteroids.
    • Comparative analysis of endocrine data between intact and ovariectomized mares, and between maternal and foal plasma.

    Main Results:

    • Progesterone and total progestins increased in late pregnancy, then declined sharply before birth, despite significant plasma progesterone at parturition.
    • Estrogen levels showed a slow, insignificant decrease until birth, remaining low until postpartum estrus.
    • 11beta-hydroxycorticosteroids remained stable from pre- to postpartum, with a significant increase between 15 and 22 days postpartum; foal plasma showed higher hormone levels than maternal plasma within 24 hours postpartum.

    Conclusions:

    • The study elucidates the complex hormonal milieu surrounding equine parturition and the postpartum period.
    • Endocrine patterns suggest that progesterone withdrawal is not the sole trigger for parturition in mares.
    • Hormonal profiles in ovariectomized mares mimic those of intact mares, indicating ovarian independence in late gestation; foals exhibit distinct hormonal characteristics post-birth.

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