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Food choice, appetite and physical activity.

¹INSERM U341 and Service de Nutrition, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France. bellisle@imaginet.fr

Public Health Nutrition

|December 28, 1999

Summary

Physical activity influences food choices, often increasing carbohydrate intake. Factors like exercise type, individual characteristics, and psychological elements also play a role in dietary habits.

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Nutritional Science
Behavioral Science

Background:

Diet composition and food choices are less studied than energy intake in relation to physical activity.
Exercise effects on food choices are inconsistent, especially short-term, influenced by exercise parameters and individual factors.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the impact of physical activity and exercise on food choices and diet composition.
To explore the consistency of exercise effects on dietary intake across different study durations and types.

Main Methods:

Analysis of short-term exercise interventions (meal ingestion post-exercise).
Assessment of long-term training interventions (dietary records over weeks).
Review of epidemiological studies correlating habitual activity with dietary patterns.

Main Results:

Short-term exercise often increases carbohydrate (CHO) intake; protein intake may occasionally increase.
Long-term training interventions show augmented CHO intake in exercised groups; saturated fats and cholesterol may also be affected.
Habitually active individuals tend to consume more food, fruits, and vegetables compared to less active peers.

Conclusions:

Physical activity significantly impacts food choices, with carbohydrate intake consistently elevated.
Psychological and social factors, alongside biological needs, likely drive food choices in active individuals.
Further research is needed to disentangle the drivers of food choices in physically active populations.

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