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Can cytoplasm exist without undergoing phase separation?

D E Brooks1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

International Review of Cytology
|December 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cytoplasmic phase separation is explored, suggesting water-macromolecule interactions are key. Abnormal cytoplasmic water is unlikely a thermodynamic phase, but experimental methods could confirm liquid-liquid phase existence.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Theoretical considerations and studies of systems like the eye lens suggest cytoplasmic phase separation.
  • Understanding phase separation in the cytoplasm is crucial for cell biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore issues relevant to phase separation in the cytoplasm.
  • To discuss the role of water-macromolecule interactions and abnormal water in cytoplasmic mixtures.
  • To propose experimental approaches for studying liquid-liquid phases in the cytoplasm.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical considerations of macromolecular mixtures.
  • Analysis of the role of water and fixed structures in the cytoplasm.
  • Discussion of interfacial properties in potential separated phases.

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Main Results:

  • Water-macromolecule interactions are critical for phase separation behavior.
  • Abnormal cytoplasmic water is unlikely to be a thermodynamic phase.
  • Separated phase volumes may be small and influenced by fixed structures and interface properties.

Conclusions:

  • While direct proof is lacking, experimental techniques could provide evidence for liquid-liquid phase separation in the cytoplasm.
  • Further investigation into cytoplasmic phase separation is warranted.