Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Analysis of the c-KIT Ligand Promoter Using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
Published on: June 27, 2017
TGF-beta signaling from receptors to the nucleus
1Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute Building 41, Room C629, 41 Library Drive, MSC 5055, Bethesda, MD 20892-5055, USA.
Abstract:
In the past three years, a novel signal transduction pathway downstream of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily receptor serine-threonine kinases has been shown to be mediated by a family of latent transcription factors called 'Smads'. These proteins mediate a short-circuited pathway in which a set of receptor-activated Smads are phosphorylated directly by the receptor kinase and then translocate to the nucleus complexed to the common mediator, Smad4, to participate in transcriptional complexes. Smads 2 and 3 mediate signals predominantly from the TGF-beta receptors. Of these, specific roles have been ascribed to Smad3 in control of chemotaxis of neutrophils and macrophages and the inhibition of Smad3 activity by the oncogene Evi-1 suggests that it may play a role in leukemogenesis. Other data, such as the induction by the inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma of an inhibitory Smad, Smad7, which blocks the actions of Smad3, suggest that identification of the specific gene targets of Smad proteins in immune cells will provide new insight into the mechanisms of TGF-beta action on these cells.
More Related Videos
06:54Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
Published on: October 27, 2020
06:57Analysis of Transforming Growth Factor ß Family Cleavage Products Secreted Into the Blastocoele of Xenopus laevis Embryos
Published on: July 21, 2021
Related Concept Videos
Internal Receptors
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins
Signal Transduction: Overview
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Secondary Messengers in Hormone Action
Many hormones bind to transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors that connect to regulatory G proteins. These G proteins can then activate enzymes such as adenylyl cyclase or phospholipase C. Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, activating...