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Ethnicity and analgesic practice.

K H Todd1, C Deaton, A P D'Adamo

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, and the Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ktodd@sph.emory.edu

Annals of Emergency Medicine
|December 30, 1999
PubMed
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Black patients with extremity fractures are less likely to receive pain medication in the emergency department (ED) compared to white patients. This disparity in analgesic administration persists even after accounting for other factors.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Health Disparities
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Previous research indicated Hispanic ethnicity as a risk factor for inadequate analgesic administration.
  • This study aimed to investigate ethnic disparities in pain management for extremity fractures in an urban emergency department.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if black patients with extremity fractures are less likely to receive emergency department (ED) analgesics compared to similarly injured white patients.
  • To identify potential ethnic disparities in pain management for bone fractures.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted at an urban ED in Atlanta, GA.
  • Data from 217 black and white patients with isolated long-bone fractures were analyzed.
  • Multiple logistic regression controlled for confounders to assess the independent effect of ethnicity on analgesic use.

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Main Results:

  • White patients (74%) were significantly more likely to receive ED analgesics than black patients (57%), P =.01.
  • Black patients had a 66% greater risk of receiving no analgesic in the ED (Relative Risk 1.66).
  • This ethnic disparity in analgesic administration remained significant after controlling for potential confounders.

Conclusions:

  • Black patients with isolated long-bone fractures received fewer analgesics in the ED compared to white patients.
  • The observed disparity in pain management could not be explained by measured covariates.
  • Findings highlight the need for improved analgesic practices to address ethnic disparities in emergency care.