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Avian B cell development: lessons from transgenic models.

C E Sayegh1, M A Rao, M J Ratcliffe

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada.

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
|December 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Avian B-cell development relies on bursal cell surface IgM for initial expansion, but not for preventing apoptosis. Overexpressing bcl-2 prevents cell death but doesn't ensure B-cell progression without IgM.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Avian Biology

Background:

  • The bursa of Fabricius is essential for B lymphocyte development in birds.
  • Mechanisms regulating avian B-cell development and antibody diversity are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the requirements for bursal B-cell development using retroviral gene transfer.
  • To elucidate the roles of surface IgM and bcl-2 in B-cell development and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized productive chicken retroviral vectors for in vitro and in vivo gene transfer.
  • Studied the effects of truncated IgM and bcl-2 overexpression on B-cell development.
  • Employed regulated promoters to assess oncogene transformation susceptibility.

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Main Results:

  • Truncated bursal cell surface IgM promotes B-cell colonization and expansion.
  • IgM expression is insufficient to prevent post-hatch apoptosis.
  • bcl-2 overexpression protects against apoptosis but not B-lineage progression without IgM.
  • The v-rel oncogene transforms bursal cells in vitro but targets mature peripheral cells in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Surface IgM is critical for initiating B-cell development in the avian bursa.
  • Apoptosis regulation and B-lineage progression are distinct processes influenced by IgM and bcl-2.
  • Retroviral vectors are effective tools for studying avian B-cell development and oncogenesis.