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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma

Published on: October 14, 2016

Pediatric germ cell tumors.

F J Rescorla¹, P P Breitfeld

¹Department of Surgery, JW Riley Hospital for Children Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.

Current Problems in Cancer

|December 30, 1999

Summary

Childhood malignant germ cell tumors are rare but can occur in gonadal and extragonadal sites. Advances in platinum-based chemotherapy have significantly improved survival rates for these pediatric cancers.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Oncology
Developmental Biology

Background:

Malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent approximately 3% of all childhood malignancies.
Incidence is around 4 per million children under 15, with ~225 US cases annually.
GCTs occur in gonadal and extragonadal sites, with location varying by age.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the epidemiology, etiology, and management of childhood malignant germ cell tumors.
To highlight key aspects of GCTs including their origin, diagnostic markers, and treatment advancements.

Main Methods:

Literature review of epidemiological data on childhood GCTs.
Discussion of etiological factors, including primordial germ cell migration.
Overview of diagnostic markers and current therapeutic strategies, focusing on chemotherapy.

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Establishment of Orthotopic Patient-derived Xenograft Models for Brain Tumors using a Stereotaxic Device

Establishment of Orthotopic Patient-derived Xenograft Models for Brain Tumors using a Stereotaxic Device

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Establishment of Orthotopic Patient-derived Xenograft Models for Brain Tumors using a Stereotaxic Device

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Main Results:

GCTs occur more frequently in girls than boys.
Extragonadal and testicular tumors are more common in very young children (<3 years).
Gonadal sites are primary locations during and after puberty.

Conclusions:

Abnormal primordial germ cell migration is a key factor in many childhood GCTs.
Tumor markers aid in assessing resection extent and recurrence.
Platinum-based chemotherapy has dramatically improved survival and salvage rates for GCTs.