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A Transiting "51 Peg-like" Planet.

Henry, Marcy, Butler

    The Astrophysical Journal
    |December 30, 1999
    PubMed
    Summary

    Astronomers discovered the first transiting extrasolar planet, HD 209458b, a gas giant orbiting a Sun-like star. This groundbreaking find allows for detailed characterization of exoplanet atmospheres and properties.

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    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Exoplanetary Science

    Background:

    • The search for exoplanets has primarily relied on radial velocity and transit photometry methods.
    • Characterizing exoplanets requires determining their mass, radius, and density.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To detect and characterize extrasolar planets.
    • To confirm the existence of a planet around HD 209458 using complementary observational techniques.
    • To determine the physical properties of the detected exoplanet.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing Doppler spectroscopy (radial velocity measurements) from the Keck Observatory to detect periodic velocity shifts.
    • Employing follow-up photometry to observe the predicted transit of the exoplanet across its host star.
    • Calculating the planet's mass, radius, and density from the observational data.

    Main Results:

    • A sinusoidal periodicity in the velocities of HD 209458 indicated a "51 Peg-like" planet with a minimum mass (Msini) of 0.62 Jupiter masses (MJup).
    • Follow-up photometry confirmed a transit, revealing a planet radius of 1.42 Jupiter radii (RJup).
    • The transit data implied a true mass of 0.62 MJup and a mean density of 0.27 g cm-3, consistent with a gas giant.

    Conclusions:

    • HD 209458b is the first confirmed extrasolar planet observed to transit its host star.
    • The derived properties of HD 209458b align with theoretical models of irradiated Jupiter-mass planets.
    • This discovery opens new avenues for studying exoplanet atmospheres and formation.

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