Free vascularized fibular bone flap in the rat

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Regenerative Medicine
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Free vascularized fibula bone flaps are crucial for reconstructing mandibular defects, long bone defects, congenital pseudarthroses, and osteomyelitis.
• Clinical applications necessitate a deeper understanding of bone biology, healing, and graft incorporation.
• Existing research requires a robust experimental model for detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present and validate a novel free vascularized fibula rat model for experimental bone research.
• To characterize the anatomical and vascular parameters of the fibular flap in rats.
• To assess the viability and reliability of this model for future studies.

Main Methods:

• Anatomical dissections and angiograms were performed on eight rats to measure fibular length and vessel caliber.
• The fibula was harvested with the flexor hallucis longus muscle, preserving the vascular pedicle connected to the popliteal vessels.
• The flap was transferred and anastomosed to the saphenous vessels in the groin area of the same rat.

Main Results:

• The average harvested fibular length was 28 mm, with a pedicle length of 14 mm.
• The popliteal artery and vein had average diameters of 0.8 mm and 0.9 mm, respectively.
• Twelve transplantations resulted in a 100% flap survival rate at 7 days.

Conclusions:

• The developed free vascularized fibula rat model is anatomically characterized and demonstrates high viability.
• This model provides a reliable platform for investigating bone biology, healing processes, and graft incorporation.
• The model's success supports its utility in preclinical research for reconstructive surgery.