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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

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Feeling unreal: cognitive processes in depersonalization.

O Guralnik¹, J Schmeidler, D Simeon

¹Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. 102504.2330@compuserve.com

The American Journal of Psychiatry

|January 5, 2000

Summary

Individuals with depersonalization disorder exhibit cognitive deficits in attention and memory. This study reveals specific impairments in processing new information, impacting daily functioning.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Depersonalization disorder involves detachment from self and surroundings, causing distress.
Despite reality testing remaining intact, cognitive difficulties are frequently reported.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cognitive profiles of individuals with depersonalization disorder.
To identify specific neuropsychological deficits associated with the condition.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was administered.
Fifteen patients with depersonalization disorder were compared to 15 matched healthy controls.

Main Results:

Depersonalization disorder patients showed significant deficits in attention and spatial reasoning.
Impaired short-term visual and verbal memory was observed in patients.
Overall intellectual abilities were comparable between patients and controls.

Conclusions:

Depersonalization may involve alterations in attentional control and perceptual systems.
Early encoding deficits in attention are hypothesized to impact short-term memory.
Deficits manifest in acquiring new information, not in manipulating existing knowledge.