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Characterization of specific immune responses of mice inoculated with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing an

R Vemulapalli1, S Cravero, C L Calvert

  • 1Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
|January 5, 2000
PubMed
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This study investigated the role of a Brucella abortus 18-kDa outer membrane protein in immunity. Recombinant vaccinia virus expressing this protein did not confer protection in mice, suggesting it is not crucial for protective immunity against Brucella.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Brucella abortus is a significant bacterial pathogen causing brucellosis.
  • Identifying key antigens for effective vaccine development is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunogenicity and protective role of the Brucella abortus 18-kDa outer membrane protein.
  • To assess the impact of the 18-kDa protein on vaccine efficacy and attenuation.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the 18-kDa protein.
  • Immunization of BALB/c mice and assessment of antibody production, lymphocyte proliferation, and gamma interferon.
  • Challenge studies with virulent Brucella abortus.
  • Gene disruption of the 18-kDa protein in the Brucella RB51 vaccine strain.

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Main Results:

  • Mice immunized with the recombinant virus produced 18-kDa protein-specific antibodies (IgG2a) and showed cellular immune responses (lymphocyte proliferation, IFN-γ).
  • Despite the immune response, immunized mice were not protected against virulent B. abortus challenge.
  • Disrupting the 18-kDa protein gene in the RB51 vaccine did not alter its protective efficacy or attenuation.

Conclusions:

  • The 18-kDa outer membrane protein of Brucella abortus does not appear to play a role in protective immunity.
  • This antigen is unlikely to be a primary target for developing subunit vaccines against brucellosis.