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Related Concept Videos

Bile01:19

Bile

Bile is a crucial bodily fluid, characterized by its yellow-green color and alkaline nature. Produced in the liver, it is transported through the common hepatic duct into either the cystic duct, leading to the gallbladder, or directly into the common bile duct. The flow of bile is regulated by the sphincter of Oddi located at the entrance of the duodenum. When this sphincter is closed, bile is redirected to the gallbladder for storage and concentration.
Bile is released when dietary fats enter...
Gallbladder01:17

Gallbladder

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins the common...
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients with a Previous History of Biliary Tract Surgery
07:36

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients with a Previous History of Biliary Tract Surgery

Published on: February 10, 2023

Linear EUS for bile duct stones.

J Lachter1, A Rubin, M Shiller

  • 1Western Galilee and Rambam Medical Centers, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Nahariya and Haifa, Israel. ramila@netvision.net.il

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
|January 8, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Linear array endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a safe and accurate method for detecting bile duct stones, showing high sensitivity and accuracy comparable to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This less invasive technique may replace diagnostic ERCP in clinical practice.

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Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision
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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients with a Previous History of Biliary Tract Surgery
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Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Endoscopic Procedures

Background:

  • Radial scanning endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is established for detecting bile duct stones.
  • Linear array EUS efficacy and learning curve were evaluated against ERCP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of linear array EUS with ERCP for diagnosing choledocholithiasis.
  • To assess the learning curve associated with linear array EUS for this indication.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 50 patients with suspected choledocholithiasis.
  • Linear array EUS performed, followed by ERCP as the reference standard.
  • Comparison of diagnostic results between EUS and ERCP.

Main Results:

  • Linear array EUS demonstrated 97% sensitivity, 77% specificity, and 90% accuracy compared to ERCP.
  • No complications were reported with linear array EUS.
  • EUS provided additional diagnoses in 14% of patients, including chronic pancreatitis and duodenitis.

Conclusions:

  • Linear array EUS is a safe and accurate diagnostic tool for choledocholithiasis, even in early experience.
  • Its accuracy is comparable to radial EUS, suggesting potential to replace diagnostic ERCP.
  • Linear array EUS offers a less invasive alternative for diagnosing bile duct stones.