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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2026

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (Propensity Score) using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

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Published on: January 8, 2020

Death among U.S. Air Force basic trainees, 1956 to 1996.

D Drehner¹, K M Neuhauser, T S Neuhauser

¹Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236, USA.

Military Medicine

|January 11, 2000

Summary

Military training deaths are rare, with natural causes like cardiac issues and infections being most common. Sickle cell trait significantly increases the risk of non-traumatic death in recruits.

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Area of Science:

Military Medicine
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

U.S. Air Force basic military training involves significant stressors.
Recruit deaths necessitate examination of training protocols and health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze demographic, clinical, and environmental factors contributing to recruit deaths.
To identify trends and risk factors associated with mortality during basic training.

Main Methods:

Retrospective case study of recruit deaths at Lackland Air Force Base (1956-1996).
Evaluation of data including demographics, causes of death, and clinical variables.

Main Results:

85 deaths analyzed: 81% natural, 13% suicide, 4% accidental.
Sickle cell trait (SCT) positive recruits had a 23.53 times higher relative risk for non-traumatic death.
Leading causes included cardiac events (35%), infections (33%), suicide (11%), and heat stroke (6%).

Conclusions:

Improvements in healthcare, hydration, exercise policies, and supervision reduced annual deaths.
Sickle cell trait poses a significant, preventable risk for mortality in military recruits.
Ongoing monitoring and interventions are crucial for recruit safety.