[Pulmonary fibrosis after busulfan therapy]

Area of Science:

• Pulmonary Medicine
• Oncology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Busulfan (myleran) is a chemotherapy agent used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia.
• Pulmonary toxicity is a known but uncommon side effect of busulfan therapy.
• Understanding drug-induced lung injury is crucial for patient safety.

Observation:

• A 45-year-old male patient with chronic myeloid leukemia developed a 'busulfan lung' after receiving 408.0 mg of busulfan.
• The patient's condition represents a specific instance of busulfan-induced pulmonary toxicity.
• Clinical presentation and diagnostic findings are detailed.

Findings:

• The case report confirms busulfan (myleran) as a potential cause of interstitial lung disease.
• Discussion of the underlying pathomechanisms contributing to busulfan lung.
• Literature review on similar cases and known side effects of busulfan.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of monitoring for pulmonary complications in patients treated with busulfan.
• Highlights the need for increased awareness among clinicians regarding busulfan's potential lung toxicity.
• Contributes to the understanding of drug-induced lung injury and its management.