Structure-activity studies on 4-substituted-2-anilinopyrimidine corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) antagonists

Structure-activity studies around the 4-position of 2-anilinopyrimidine corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) antagonists suggest that there is a large lipophilic cavity in the rat CRF receptor, which can accommodate a wide variety of substituents at this position in contrast to the steric constraints observed for other positions on the 2-anilinopyrimidine core. The chemical syntheses and biological activities of 2-anilinopyrimidine CRF antagonists with carbon-linked substituents at the 4-position are reported. Significant improvements in rat pharmacokinetic parameters were achieved relative to those for the lead structure. While the lead compound 1 (rCRF Ki = 44 nM) afforded no detectable rat plasma levels after intraperitoneal (i.p.) or oral (p.o.) dosing, compounds 3-3 (rCRF Ki = 16 nM) and 3-4 (rCRF Ki 59 nM) gave high rat plasma levels at 30 mg/kg (i.p., p.o.) (Cmax = 1389 nM and 8581 nM (i.p.) respectively; Cmax = 113 nM and 988 nM (p.o.), respectively). Furthermore 3-3 and 3-4 had superior bioavailabilities at these doses (59 and 46% (i.p.), respectively; 2 and 10%, (p.o.), respectively).