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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

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Published on: February 21, 2017
Cenozoic deep-Sea temperatures and global ice volumes from Mg/Ca in benthic foraminiferal calcite
Lear1, Elderfield, Wilson
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK.
Abstract:
A deep-sea temperature record for the past 50 million years has been produced from the magnesium/calcium ratio (Mg/Ca) in benthic foraminiferal calcite. The record is strikingly similar in form to the corresponding benthic oxygen isotope (delta(18)O) record and defines an overall cooling of about 12 degrees C in the deep oceans with four main cooling periods. Used in conjunction with the benthic delta(18)O record, the magnesium temperature record indicates that the first major accumulation of Antarctic ice occurred rapidly in the earliest Oligocene (34 million years ago) and was not accompanied by a decrease in deep-sea temperatures.
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