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Indications for antibiotics in orthognathic surgery
Journal of Oral Surgery (American Dental Association : 1965)
|June 1, 1976
Abstract:
One hundred forty-eight cases of orthognathic surgery were evaluated for incidence of infection; 68 had antibiotic prophylaxis and 80 did not. Only three instances of infection occurred, all in the group that had received antibiotics. Results of this study disprove the necessity for routine prophylactic use of antibiotics in most types of orthognathic surgery.
Insights
Routine antibiotic prophylaxis is not necessary for most orthognathic surgeries. A study found infections occurred only in patients who received antibiotics, challenging the need for routine use.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Infectious Disease Prevention
- Surgical Site Infections
Background:
- Orthognathic surgery involves complex procedures to correct jaw and facial irregularities.
- The use of prophylactic antibiotics in orthognathic surgery is a common but debated practice.
- Evidence is needed to determine the actual benefit and potential risks of routine antibiotic use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the incidence of surgical site infections in orthognathic surgery.
- To determine if antibiotic prophylaxis impacts infection rates in these procedures.
- To challenge the necessity of routine prophylactic antibiotic use in orthognathic surgery.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 148 orthognathic surgery cases.
- Comparison of infection rates between patients who received antibiotic prophylaxis (68 cases) and those who did not (80 cases).
- Data collection focused on documented instances of surgical site infections.
Main Results:
- A total of three infections were reported across all cases.
- All three infections occurred in the group of patients who received antibiotic prophylaxis.
- No infections were observed in the group that did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis.
Conclusions:
- Routine prophylactic antibiotic use is not necessary for the majority of orthognathic surgery procedures.
- The findings suggest that prophylactic antibiotics may not reduce, and could potentially increase, infection risk in some orthognathic surgery patients.
- Further research should focus on identifying specific patient groups or surgical subtypes that might benefit from antibiotic prophylaxis.