Do needleless intravenous systems increase the risk of infection?

Since 1995 several studies have addressed whether needleless intravenous systems increase patient risk of bloodstream infection (BSI). At this time, conclusive evidence is lacking and all studies point to the need for additional research. Current studies indicate that there is no evidence that needleless systems increase patient risk of BSI when the products are used correctly and in conjunction with rigorous aseptic technique. However, these studies also identify variables not directly associated with the product or device that may contribute to an increased risk of BSI to the patient.