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Related Experiment Videos

Hypersensitivity to tobacco antigen.

C G Becker, T Dubin, H P Wiedemann

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    A tobacco glycoprotein, found in smoke, can cause allergic reactions in some smokers and non-smokers. This allergenic material is also present in other Solanaceae plants.

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    Area of Science:

    • Allergen research
    • Plant biochemistry
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Tobacco smoke contains numerous compounds, some of which may act as allergens.
    • Immediate hypersensitivity reactions are a common immunological response to foreign substances.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To purify and characterize a glycoprotein from tobacco leaves.
    • To determine if this glycoprotein induces hypersensitivity reactions in humans.
    • To investigate the presence of similar allergenic material in cigarette smoke and related plants.

    Main Methods:

    • Purification of glycoprotein using ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-25 chromatography, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    • Intracutaneous injection of purified glycoprotein into volunteers to assess hypersensitivity.
    • Immunochemical analysis to detect similar materials in cigarette smoke condensate, cigarette smoke, and Solanaceae plants.

    Main Results:

    • A glycoprotein (18,000 MW) was successfully purified from tobacco leaves.
    • 12 out of 31 volunteers (smokers and non-smokers) showed immediate cutaneous hypersensitivity to the purified glycoprotein.
    • Immunochemically similar and antigenically cross-reactive material was identified in cigarette smoke, tobacco "tar", eggplants, green peppers, potatoes, and tomatoes.

    Conclusions:

    • A specific glycoprotein from tobacco is a potent inducer of immediate hypersensitivity.
    • This allergenic glycoprotein is present in cigarette smoke and related Solanaceae plants, suggesting a potential cross-reactivity concern for consumers and agricultural workers.

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