[Cataract surgery in diabetic patients].

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Diabetology
• Surgical Outcomes

Background:

• Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease affecting ocular health.
• Cataract surgery is a common procedure with established outcomes.
• Diabetic patients may experience unique challenges and outcomes after surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze functional results after cataract surgery in diabetic patients.
• To evaluate per- and postoperative complications in diabetic individuals undergoing cataract surgery.
• To compare outcomes between diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective study comparing 100 non-diabetic patients with 50 type II diabetic patients.
• All patients underwent extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.
• Follow-up for postoperative complications was conducted over an average of 10.3-7.3 months.

Main Results:

• Diabetic patients exhibited significantly lower postoperative visual acuity (0.317) compared to non-diabetic patients (0.634).
• Visual acuity in diabetic patients correlated with retinopathy severity: non-proliferative (0.348) and proliferative (0.116) retinopathy resulted in poorer outcomes than no retinopathy (0.437).
• The incidence of both early and late per- and postoperative complications was higher in the diabetic group.

Conclusions:

• Cataract surgery in patients with diabetes is associated with an increased rate of complications.
• Postoperative functional results are primarily determined by the patient's retinal status and secondarily by surgical complications.
• Diabetic status is a critical factor influencing cataract surgery outcomes.