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[The eye and nutrition].

T Amemiya1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.

Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi
|January 22, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Vitamins and trace elements are crucial for maintaining ocular health. Deficiencies in key nutrients like zinc and vitamin A can lead to severe eye tissue damage and cell loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Ocular biochemistry and nutrition
  • Cell biology and histology
  • Trace element and vitamin metabolism

Context:

  • Investigates the role of essential micronutrients in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of ocular tissues.
  • Utilizes animal models (rats and mice) to study the effects of specific nutrient deficiencies and excesses.
  • Employs advanced microscopy and analytical techniques for detailed tissue examination.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the impact of deficiencies and excesses of specific vitamins and trace elements on ocular tissues.
  • To understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying nutrient-related ocular pathologies.

Summary:

  • Deficiencies in zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and vitamins A, C, and E led to conjunctival and corneal cell damage, including loss of goblet cells and microvilli.
  • Photoreceptor cell degeneration was observed with deficiencies in Zn, Cu, Mn, and vitamins A and E, while selenium (Se) deficiency affected retinal neurons.
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency impacted retinal nerve fibers, magnesium (Mg) deficiency caused retinal necrosis, and chromium (Cr) deficiency impaired phagocytosis; hypervitaminosis A and excess aluminum (Al) also induced toxicity.

Impact:

  • Highlights the critical role of specific vitamins and trace elements in preventing ocular tissue degeneration and maintaining cellular function.
  • Provides insights into the metabolic functions of these nutrients in enzymes and their role in preventing lipid peroxidation.
  • Establishes the necessity of these micronutrients for cell differentiation, development, and maintenance in ocular structures.

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