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Is dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine a substrate for convertase?

R Dhand1, J Young, A Teng

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Affairs Hospital and Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois 60141, USA. dhand@research.hines.med.va.gov

American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
|January 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Convertase may convert surfactant subtypes via phospholipase D, but does not directly hydrolyze dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). This study investigated DPPC as a substrate for convertase and other enzymes, finding no direct hydrolysis by convertase.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Pulmonary Surfactant Research

Background:

  • Convertase shares homology with carboxylesterases, yet its specific substrates remain unidentified.
  • Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) is the primary phospholipid component of pulmonary surfactant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To ascertain if dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) serves as a substrate for convertase.
  • To investigate the enzymatic hydrolysis of DPPC by various phospholipases and esterases.

Main Methods:

  • Radioactive labeling of DPPC with [(3)H]choline to track hydrolysis.
  • Enzyme assays involving cycling of labeled DPPC with convertase, phospholipases (A2, B, C, D), liver esterase, and elastase.
  • In vitro incubation of labeled DPPC with enzymes to assess direct hydrolysis.

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Main Results:

  • Convertase, liver esterase, and plant phospholipase D exhibited similar heavy/light peak profiles during DPPC cycling as observed with convertase.
  • Yeast phospholipase D released [(3)H]choline from DPPC during cycling and in vitro incubation, unlike convertase, liver esterase, and plant phospholipase D.
  • Convertase, liver esterase, and plant phospholipases D did not directly hydrolyze choline from DPPC.

Conclusions:

  • The conversion of surfactant heavy to light subtypes by convertase might involve a phospholipase D-mediated hydrolysis.
  • Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) is not the direct substrate for convertase in this surfactant conversion process.