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Regulation of scavenger receptor CD163 expression in human monocytes and macrophages by pro- and antiinflammatory

C Buechler1, M Ritter, E Orsó

  • 1Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinikum der Universität Regensburg, Germany.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|January 27, 2000
PubMed

Insights

CD163, a scavenger receptor on monocytes, is upregulated during phagocytic differentiation and by anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10. Its expression is suppressed by pro-inflammatory mediators, suggesting a role in the anti-inflammatory response.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD163 (M130) is a scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) family member exclusively expressed on monocytes.
  • Highest CD163 expression is observed in CD14bright CD16+ monocyte subsets.
  • Monocyte differentiation and inflammatory status significantly impact CD163 expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulation of CD163 expression in human monocytes and macrophages.
  • To determine the influence of various cytokines and mediators on CD163 mRNA and protein levels.
  • To elucidate the functional role of CD163 in the context of monocyte-derived inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CD163 expression in different monocyte subsets.
  • Assessment of CD163 mRNA and protein changes during M-CSF and GM-CSF/IL-4 induced differentiation.
  • Treatment of monocytes/macrophages with pro-inflammatory (LPS, IFN-γ, TNF-α), anti-inflammatory (IL-6, IL-10), and immunosuppressive agents (dexamethasone, cyclosporin A, cortisol).

Main Results:

  • CD163 expression is upregulated during M-CSF-dependent phagocytic differentiation.
  • Dendritic differentiation induced by GM-CSF/IL-4 downregulates CD163.
  • Pro-inflammatory mediators (LPS, IFN-γ, TNF-α) suppress CD163, while IL-6 and IL-10 strongly upregulate it.
  • Immunosuppressants show variable effects on CD163 mRNA levels.

Conclusions:

  • CD163 expression in monocytes/macrophages is dynamically regulated by both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators.
  • The observed expression pattern suggests a significant functional role for CD163 in mediating the anti-inflammatory response of monocytes.

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