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Dual task performance in HIV-1 infection.

C H Hinkin1, S A Castellon, D J Hardy

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, CA 90024, USA. chinkin@ucla.edu

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
|January 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary

HIV-1 infection impairs divided attention. HIV-infected individuals showed greater performance declines on dual tasks, indicating difficulties in processing multiple stimuli simultaneously.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is known to affect cognitive functions.
  • Previous research suggests potential impacts on attention and processing speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of HIV-1 infection on dual task performance.
  • To assess cognitive deficits in divided attention and simultaneous processing in individuals with HIV-1.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty HIV-infected individuals and 20 controls performed auditory and visual reaction time (RT) tasks under single and dual task conditions.
  • Performance decrements were compared between groups.
  • Association with Stroop task performance was examined.

Main Results:

  • HIV-infected individuals showed significantly greater performance decrements on both simple and choice RT dual tasks compared to controls.
  • This dual task deficit correlated with poorer performance on the Stroop interference task.
  • A trend suggested greater deficits in patients with AIDS compared to pre-AIDS individuals.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-1 infection leads to significant deficits in divided attention and the ability to process competing stimuli simultaneously.
  • These findings suggest disruption of the anterior attentional system in HIV-1 infection.
  • Cognitive impairments in dual tasking may be a key indicator of neurological involvement in HIV-1.

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