Hygienic conditions in elementary and secondary schools in the county of Split-Dalmatia

This paper gives an assessment of hygienic conditions found in 22 primary and 12 secondary schools in the city of Split during the school year 1990/91. The data were compared with the results of a similar investigation carried out in eight primary schools in the neighbouring Sinj area. The assessment consisted of the examination of the facilities, questionnaires, and microbiological analysis of numerous samples. Most schools failed to meet the recommendations for hygienic and sanitary maintenance, particularly with regard to sanitary facilities for students and staff. Exposure to noise, inadequate lighting, and poor maintenance of gymnasiums were noticed. Of the total number of smears taken from the students' hands and various surfaces in schools in the Sinj area, group D streptococcus was isolated in 62% and E. coli in 43% of samples. Both bacteria indicate faecal contamination. The data suggest a low level of personal and general hygiene in schools. It is necessary to improve the hygienic conditions in the schools of the Split and Sinj area and to focus on health education. It would reduce the risk of intestinal and respiratory infectious diseases and potential sight and hearing impairments in students.