Hypertension, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis

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A K Kar1, M Mandal

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Calcutta.

Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|February 1, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Insulin resistance is linked to hypertension and other cardiovascular risks in many patients. Managing hypertension should aim to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce heart disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Insulin resistance is a common factor in hypertension.
  • Insulin resistance is associated with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease risk factors like obesity, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and hypercoagulability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the association between hypertension and insulin resistance.
  • To define Insulin Resistance Syndrome (IRS) and its components.
  • To guide clinicians in identifying at-risk hypertensive patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hypertension and insulin resistance.
  • Clinical observation of associated metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • A significant number of hypertensive patients exhibit insulin resistance.
  • Insulin resistance is the common denominator for a cluster of metabolic abnormalities defining IRS.
  • Associated conditions include obesity, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia (low HDL, high triglycerides), and hypercoagulability.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians must identify hypertensive individuals with or at risk for IRS.
  • Antihypertensive therapy should be tailored to improve insulin sensitivity.
  • Therapeutic strategies should aim to minimize atherosclerotic coronary heart disease risk in these patients.

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