Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Dopamine genes and ADHD.

J M Swanson1, P Flodman, J Kennedy

  • 1Child Development Center, University of California at Irvine, 92715, USA. jmswanso@uci.edu

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|February 2, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Baseline Neurocognitive Functioning in Children/Teenagers and Young Adults Treated for Central Nervous System Malignancies Prior to Proton Therapy.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2026
Same author

Challenges and opportunities for real-world evidence in clinical oncology-a view from the UK: proceedings of a national workshop.

ESMO real world data and digital oncology·2026
Same author

Retraction notice to 'Effect of Ag doped MnO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures suitable for wastewater treatment and other environmental pollutant applications' [Environ. Res. 205 (2022) 112560].

Environmental research·2025
Same author

Hypermentalizing: the development and validation of a self-report measure.

Frontiers in psychology·2025
Same author

The National Referral Service for Proton Beam Therapy in England: A Journey Towards Equitable Access.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2025
Same author

Open atrial septal defect repair in a dog using fresh autologous pericardium.

Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology·2025
Same journal

Neural Bases of Memory Development: Insights from Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Regional Heterogeneity of Brain Insulin Resistance: From Molecular Pathways to Neural Circuits.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Peripheral Nervous System Involvement in Parkinson's Disease: Peripheral Neuropathy, Neuromuscular Junction Dysfunction, and Clinical Implications.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Violence on the self: Exploring the intersection of trauma and identity among sexual and gender minorities from a neurobiological and developmental perspective to advance our understanding of PTSD, moral injury, and dissociation symptoms.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Meaning in life and biological functioning: A multisystem synthesis and agenda for future research.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Beyond diagnosis: Why and how virtual reality should be used in research on neurodevelopmental conditions?

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
See all related articles

Genetic studies show Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a strong hereditary basis. Molecular research is identifying specific genes, like dopamine transporter (DAT1) and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4), linked to ADHD.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Family, twin, and adoption studies confirm a significant genetic component in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • Previous research has not pinpointed specific genes responsible for ADHD.
  • Molecular genetic studies are crucial for identifying gene variations associated with ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between dopamine genes and ADHD/Hyperkinetic Disorder (HKD).
  • To review candidate genes, specifically dopamine transporter (DAT1) and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4), in relation to ADHD.
  • To discuss the dopamine hypothesis of ADHD and its potential mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular genetic studies investigating dopamine genes in ADHD/HKD.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of findings related to DAT1 and DRD4 gene variants.
  • Discussion of speculative hypotheses regarding dopamine transmission alterations in ADHD.

    • Main Results:

    • The dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene and the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene have been investigated for their association with ADHD/HKD.
    • Specific alleles, such as the 10-repeat allele of DAT1 and the 7-repeat allele of DRD4, are hypothesized to influence dopamine transmission.
    • These gene variants may be linked to altered dopamine reuptake or receptor sensitivity in neural networks implicated in ADHD.

    Conclusions:

    • Dopamine genes, including DAT1 and DRD4, are key candidates in the genetic research of ADHD.
    • Variations in these genes may contribute to the neurobiological underpinnings of ADHD.
    • Further research into the dopamine hypothesis is warranted to understand ADHD etiology and treatment.