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NTP taps disinfection by-products for study.

S M Booker

    Environmental Health Perspectives
    |February 5, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Water chlorination significantly reduced infectious diseases but created disinfection by-products (DBPs). These DBPs, formed from chlorine reacting with organic matter, pose health risks, including cancer concerns.

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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Environmental Chemistry
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Water chlorination, introduced widely in 1908, revolutionized public health by virtually eliminating diseases like cholera and typhoid.
    • This disinfection method became a cornerstone of safe drinking water globally.
    • However, the process has unintended consequences.

    Discussion:

    • Chlorination involves reacting chlorine with organic materials in source water, forming disinfection by-products (DBPs).
    • DBPs are a diverse group of chemicals, with some identified as potentially harmful.
    • Concerns about DBPs emerged in the mid-1970s.

    Key Insights:

    • Widespread water chlorination drastically decreased waterborne diseases, a major public health triumph.
    • The chemical reactions during chlorination generate disinfection by-products (DBPs).

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  • Certain DBPs have been linked to adverse health effects, including carcinogenicity in animal studies.

    • Outlook:

    • Further research is needed to understand the full spectrum of DBP health effects.
    • Developing alternative water disinfection strategies or methods to mitigate DBP formation is crucial.
    • Balancing the benefits of chlorination with the risks of DBPs remains a public health challenge.