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Ultrasonic energy in endoscopic surgery
1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Yonsei Medical Journal
|February 8, 2000
Summary
The Harmonic Scalpel uses ultrasonic vibrations for precise endoscopic cutting and coagulation. This advanced surgical tool offers enhanced safety by only cutting touched tissue, unlike electrosurgery or lasers.
Area of Science:
- Surgical Technology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Traditional endoscopic cutting methods like electrosurgery and lasers pose risks of unintended thermal damage and energy spread.
- A need exists for precise tissue division with integrated hemostasis during endoscopic procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the mechanism and safety features of the Harmonic Scalpel for endoscopic cutting.
- To highlight the advantages of ultrasonic energy in surgical applications.
Main Methods:
- The Harmonic Scalpel utilizes a power source generating high-frequency vibrations (approx. 55,500 cycles/second) transmitted to a blade or forceps.
- Vibrational energy induces a cutting action and thermal coagulation of small vessels.
- Forceps configuration allows for rotational division of tissue, mimicking scissors.
Main Results:
- The device enables precise tissue cutting with simultaneous coagulation of small vessels.
- Operates via tactile feedback, enhancing surgeon control.
- Generates micro-aerosolized water droplets instead of smoke, which are rapidly absorbed.
- Energy is confined to the touched tissue, preventing collateral damage.
Conclusions:
- The Harmonic Scalpel provides a safe and effective method for endoscopic cutting and coagulation.
- Its targeted energy delivery and tactile feedback offer significant safety advantages over conventional energy devices.
- Ultrasonic technology represents a valuable advancement in minimally invasive surgical instrumentation.