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Tetrachloroethene-dehalogenating bacteria.

J Damborský1

  • 1Laboratory of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. jiri@chemi.muni.cz

Folia Microbiologica
|February 9, 2000
PubMed
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Researchers have isolated numerous bacteria capable of degrading tetrachloroethene, a common groundwater contaminant. These organisms, including halorespirators, offer promising solutions for bioremediation of chlorinated solvents.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Bioremediation
  • Anaerobic Respiration

Background:

  • Tetrachloroethene (PCE) is a persistent groundwater contaminant due to its recalcitrance under aerobic conditions.
  • Anaerobic microbial degradation offers a potential remediation strategy for PCE-contaminated sites.
  • Various microbial groups, including halorespirators, acetogens, methanogens, and facultative anaerobes, have been implicated in PCE metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize information on axenic cultures of tetrachloroethene-dehalogenating bacteria.
  • To provide a comprehensive comparison of isolated organisms, including their isolation, physiology, morphology, and taxonomy.
  • To highlight the dehalogenation capabilities and end products of various tetrachloroethene-metabolizing microorganisms.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Isolation of tetrachloroethene-degrading microorganisms in axenic cultures.
  • Characterization of physiological and metabolic properties of isolated strains.
  • Taxonomic classification and morphological analysis of the identified bacteria.

Main Results:

  • Over 15 distinct organisms capable of metabolizing tetrachloroethene have been isolated.
  • These include nine halorespiring organisms, which utilize halogenated compounds as electron acceptors.
  • Different strains exhibit varied dehalogenation pathways, producing intermediates like trichloroethene, dichloroethenes, and vinyl chloride; 'Dehalococcoides ethenogenes' strain 195 dechlorinates PCE to ethylene.

Conclusions:

  • A growing number of tetrachloroethene-degrading bacteria have been identified, representing novel taxonomic groups.
  • These findings underscore the potential of microbial communities for in-situ bioremediation of tetrachloroethene-contaminated groundwater.
  • Further research into the physiology and ecology of these organisms is crucial for optimizing bioremediation strategies.