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Changes in basketball shooting patterns as a function of distance.

S Liu1, A W Burton

  • 1National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|February 9, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Basketball shooting accuracy declines with distance. Participants changed movement patterns at critical distances, with faster shifts in actual shots compared to pretend shots, demonstrating a dynamic system in action.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Understanding how movement patterns adapt to changing task constraints is crucial in motor learning.
  • Basketball shooting involves complex coordination across multiple body segments.
  • Previous research has not fully explored the dynamic changes in shooting form with increasing distance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of shooting distance on basketball shooting accuracy.
  • To analyze changes in movement form across body components (feet, hand, trunk, jump) during basketball shooting.
  • To examine the shooting process through a dynamic systems approach, identifying critical distances for movement pattern transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (N=10, young adults, no prior experience) performed 20 actual (Natural) and 5 pretend basketball shots at eight distances (5-40 ft).
  • Accuracy and movement patterns (feet position, hand position, trunk rotation, jump height) were recorded for each shot.
  • Statistical analyses identified significant changes in accuracy and movement transitions across distances and conditions.

Main Results:

  • Shooting accuracy significantly decreased as distance increased in the Natural condition.
  • Participants exhibited movement pattern transitions in 86.3% of shots across four body components as distance increased.
  • Transition distances were shorter for feet and hand components in the Natural condition versus the Pretend condition.

Conclusions:

  • Basketball shooting at increasing distances can be characterized as a dynamic system.
  • Abrupt changes in movement patterns occur at critical distances, particularly for lower body and hand adjustments.
  • The findings highlight the adaptive nature of motor control in response to task demands like shooting distance.

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