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Related Experiment Videos

Learning, memory and a respiratory central pattern generator.

K Lukowiak1, N Syed

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Alta, Canada. lukowiak@ucalgary.ca

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
|February 9, 2000
PubMed
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Researchers trained pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) to suppress breathing behavior through operant conditioning. This study explores the neural basis of associative learning and memory in a simple model system.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Biology
  • Invertebrate Zoology

Background:

  • Learning and memory mechanisms are fundamental to understanding behavior.
  • Aerial respiration in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis is controlled by a three-neuron central pattern generator (CPG).
  • This vital homeostatic behavior can be inhibited by protective withdrawal responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural underpinnings of associative learning and memory.
  • To develop a model system for studying learning and memory using operant conditioning in Lymnaea stagnalis.
  • To determine if operant conditioning can alter a fundamental homeostatic behavior like aerial respiration.

Main Methods:

  • Operant conditioning was employed by pairing pneumostome withdrawal with attempted aerial respiration in hypoxic conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Yoked control groups were used to validate the conditioning effects.
  • Neural correlates of the learned behavior were examined within the central pattern generator.

    • Main Results:

    • Snails were successfully operantly conditioned to suppress aerial respiration, even in a hypoxic environment.
    • Yoked control snails did not exhibit changes in breathing behavior.
    • Neuronal changes associated with associative learning were found to be distributed throughout the CPG.

    Conclusions:

    • The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis serves as a viable model for studying the neural basis of associative learning and memory.
    • Operant conditioning can modify a fundamental homeostatic behavior by altering neural circuits.
    • Further research on this model system can elucidate the causal neuronal mechanisms of associative conditioning and memory formation.