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Related Experiment Videos

Spatial variations in endothelial barrier function in disturbed flows in vitro.

J E Phelps1, N DePaola

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|February 9, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Altered blood flow patterns disrupt endothelial barrier function, increasing macromolecule transport. These findings highlight the role of shear stress gradients in atherosclerosis development.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Hindered endothelial barrier function is linked to atherosclerosis initiation and progression.
  • Atherosclerosis is a focal disease influenced by altered hemodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate endothelial permeability to macromolecules and electrical resistance in vitro.
  • To model spatial variations in fluid shear stress at arterial bifurcations using disturbed flow fields.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro study using endothelial cell monolayers.
  • Exposure to disturbed flow fields mimicking arterial bifurcations.
  • Measurement of transendothelial transport of dextran and monolayer electrical resistance.

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Main Results:

  • Areas with high shear stress gradients showed a 5.5-fold increase in dextran transport.
  • Undisturbed flow areas exhibited a 2.9-fold increase in dextran transport.
  • Monolayer electrical resistance decreased with flow exposure, especially near flow reattachment zones.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial variations in shear stress regulate endothelial barrier function.
  • Increased endothelial permeability to macromolecules is associated with disturbed flow.
  • Shear stress gradients play a critical role in endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis.