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[Cerebrovascular disease in children: I. Epileptic manifestations]
M A Montenegro1, M M Guerreiro, A E Scotoni
1Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil.
Insights
Seizures are a common complication in children with cerebrovascular disease (CVD), particularly in infants and those with cortical involvement. Understanding these associations is crucial for managing pediatric neurological conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Epileptology
Context:
- Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) can lead to seizures in children, but data on prevalence and risk factors are limited.
- Few studies have comprehensively analyzed the association between pediatric CVD and seizure development.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of seizures in children diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease.
- To identify risk factors, such as age and lesion location, associated with seizures in pediatric CVD.
Summary:
- This study analyzed 39 children with CVD, finding that 61.5% experienced seizures.
- Seizures were more prevalent in infants (p = 0.0362) and children with cortical lesions (p = 0.0101).
- Seizure types included partial, generalized, and secondarily generalized; no differences were observed between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
Impact:
- Highlights the significant risk of seizures in pediatric cerebrovascular disease, especially in infants and with cortical lesions.
- Informs clinical practice regarding the monitoring and management of seizures in children with CVD.
- Contributes to a better understanding of the long-term neurological outcomes, including epilepsy development, following pediatric stroke.
Abstract:
Seizures may occur as a complication of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and its prevalence, clinical presentation, risk factors and evolution have been reported by few authors. We evaluated 39 children with CVD and analyzed the association with seizures. Seizures occurred in 24 (61.5%) patients and were classified as partial (29.2%), generalized (54.2%) and secondarily generalized (16.6%). Infants had a significantly higher prevalence of seizures (p = 0.0362) than children at other ages. Cortical localization was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of seizures (p = 0.0101). There were no differences between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Fourteen patients had no seizures after the acute phase of the CVD, the 2 previously epileptic patients had their seizures controlled with antiepileptic drugs, 3 developed epilepsy, 2 died during the acute phase and in 3 patients there was not enough time yet to make a clear diagnosis of epilepsy.