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Oxotremorine-induced cerebral hyperemia does not predict infarction volume in spontaneously hypertensive or
I Harukuni1, H Takahashi, R J Traystman
1Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Objectives:
We tested the following hypotheses: a) spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHR-SP) have more brain injury than spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive controls (Wistar-Kyoto rats [WKY]) when exposed to transient focal ischemia; b) infarction size is not correlated with baseline blood pressure; and c) infarction size is inversely related to the cerebral hyperemic response to oxotremorine, a muscarinic agonist that increases cerebral blood flow (CBF) by stimulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
Design:
In vivo study.
Setting:
Animal laboratory in a university teaching hospital.
Subjects:
Adult age-matched male WKY, SHR, and SHR-SP.
Interventions:
Rats were instrumented under halothane anesthesia. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was produced for 2 hrs with the intravascular suture technique. Cerebral perfusion, estimated with laser Doppler flowmetry (LD-CBF), in response to intravenous oxotremorine, was measured in one cohort of rats to estimate endothelial nitric oxide synthase function. Infarction volume was measured at 22 hrs of reperfusion with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.
Measurements And Main Results:
Infarction volume in the striatum of SHR-SP (42+/-4 mm3) was greater than in SHR (29+/-6 mm3) or WKY (1+/-1 mm3) (n = 9 rats/strain). Resting (unanesthetized) mean arterial blood pressure was similar in SHR-SP (177+/-5 mm Hg) and SHR (170+/-5 mm Hg) despite a greater infarction volume in SHR-SP (n = 4) compared with SHR (n = 5). The percentage increase in LD-CBF signal in response to oxotremorine was similar for both groups (SHR, 64%+/-22% [n = 10]; SHR-SP, 69%+/-22% [n = 8]). However, in this cohort, cortical infarction volume was less in SHR (30%+/-4% of ipsilateral cortex) than in SHR-SP (49%+/-2% of ipsilateral cortex).
Conclusions:
Although SHR-SP have greater infarction volume than SHR, the mechanism of injury does not appear to be related to a difference in unanesthetized baseline mean arterial blood pressure or to an alteration in endothelium-produced nitric oxide.