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Monitoring Diffuse Impacts: Australian Tourism Developments.

Warnken1, Buckley

  • 1School of Environmental and Applied Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4217, Australia

Environmental Management
|February 10, 2000
PubMed
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Formal environmental monitoring for Australian tourism developments is often scientifically weak. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Environmental impact assessments (EIA) for tourism developments often lack rigorous scientific monitoring.
  • Tourism's proximity to sensitive ecosystems and potential for cumulative impacts necessitate effective monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the scientific quality of environmental monitoring for Australian tourism developments.
  • To assess the precision and reliability of monitoring programs in detecting diffuse environmental impacts.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of formal monitoring programs for 175 Australian tourism developments (1980-1995).
  • Evaluation of monitoring parameters, baseline data, Before-After-Control-Impact-Paired (BACIP) designs, and power analysis.
  • Comparison of monitoring quality between developments managed by different authorities.

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Main Results:

  • Only 13 of 175 developments had formal monitoring, with only 44 parameters monitored overall.
  • Baseline data were lacking for 9 parameters; only one parameter had a full year of baseline data.
  • Monitoring quality was significantly higher for developments overseen by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA).

Conclusions:

  • The scientific quality of environmental monitoring in Australian tourism developments is generally low.
  • GBRMPA's model, utilizing external referees and consultants, significantly improves monitoring quality.
  • The GBRMPA approach offers a transferable model for enhancing environmental monitoring effectiveness.