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Published on: August 19, 2016
Invasive group A streptococcal disease in the Netherlands: evidence for a protective role of anti-exotoxin A
E M Mascini1, M Jansze, J F Schellekens
1Eijkman-Winkler Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Inflammation, Utrecht University Hospital, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands. E.M.Mascini@lab.azu.nl
Abstract:
As part of a nationwide surveillance in The Netherlands during 1994-1997, 53 patients with invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections were evaluated for medical history, symptoms, and outcome. Patients' isolates were tested for the production of pyrogenic exotoxins A (SPE-A) and B (SPE-B). Acute-phase sera from all patients and convalescent sera from 12 patients were investigated for the presence of antibodies against SPE-A and SPE-B. Twenty-three patients developed toxic shock-like syndrome and 16 died. Absence of antibodies against SPE-A and/or SPE-B was a risk factor for developing invasive streptococcal disease. Toxic shock and mortality were associated with a lack of anti-SPE-A antibodies (P<.025). Anti-SPE-A antibodies were found in convalescent sera from all patients infected by speA-positive isolates. Virtually all invasive speA-positive streptococci expressed SPE-A protein in vitro. Thus antibodies against SPE-A appeared vital for mediating the outcome of invasive GAS disease in this population.
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