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Antimicrobial effects of alpha-MSH peptides
M Cutuli1, S Cristiani, J M Lipton
13rd Division of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy.
Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|February 12, 2000
Summary
The anti-inflammatory peptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) exhibits antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. It enhances neutrophil pathogen killing, suggesting therapeutic potential for co-existing infection and inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Peptide Science
Background:
- Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is an ancient peptide found in barrier organs.
- Its role in innate host defense suggests potential antimicrobial functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antimicrobial effects of alpha-MSH and its tripeptide (KPV) against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.
- To determine if alpha-MSH influences neutrophil-mediated pathogen killing.
Main Methods:
- Assessed inhibition of S. aureus colony formation and C. albicans viability/germ tube formation by alpha-MSH peptides.
- Measured cellular cAMP levels in yeast treated with alpha-MSH.
- Evaluated the effect of alpha-MSH on human neutrophil killing of S. aureus and C. albicans.
Main Results:
- Alpha-MSH peptides significantly inhibited S. aureus and reduced C. albicans viability and germ tube formation.
- Antimicrobial effects were observed at physiological (picomolar) concentrations.
- Alpha-MSH increased cellular cAMP in yeast and enhanced neutrophil-mediated pathogen killing.
Conclusions:
- Alpha-MSH and its KPV tripeptide possess direct antimicrobial activity.
- Alpha-MSH enhances, rather than impairs, neutrophil pathogen killing.
- Alpha-MSH peptides may be beneficial for treating disorders with co-existing infection and inflammation.